HealingAgent¶

Self-heals broken Selenium locators using a 7-level fallback hierarchy. Patches failing tests automatically.

Responsibility¶

When a Selenium test fails with a NoSuchElementException, HealingAgent attempts to recover the locator using progressively broader strategies — without requiring human intervention.

Input¶

class HealingInput(BaseModel):
    bugs: list[Bug]                     # only NoSuchElementException bugs
    selenium_scripts: list[SeleniumScript]

Output¶

class HealedLocator(BaseModel):
    test_case_id: str
    element: str                    # "login button"
    original_locator: str           # By.ID, "#google-signin"
    healed_locator: str             # By.CSS_SELECTOR, "[data-testid='google-signin-btn']"
    strategy_used: str              # "data-testid"
    confidence: float
    patched_script: str             # updated Python code

The 7-level fallback hierarchy¶

Level 1  ID attribute            By.ID, "google-signin"
Level 2  name attribute          By.NAME, "google_login"
Level 3  data-testid             By.CSS, "[data-testid='google-signin-btn']"
Level 4  data-qa                 By.CSS, "[data-qa='login-google']"
Level 5  CSS selector            By.CSS, ".auth-buttons > button:first-child"
Level 6  XPath                   By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(),'Sign in with Google')]"
Level 7  AI-generated            Gemini generates new locator from DOM snapshot

At each level, if the element is found, healing stops and the script is patched. The healed locator is stored in ChromaDB so future test runs start with the recovered locator.

Level 7: AI locator generation¶

If all 6 standard strategies fail, HealingAgent captures a DOM snapshot and asks Gemini:

[DOM snapshot — truncated]
<div class="auth-container">
  <button class="btn-oauth" data-provider="google" aria-label="Continue with Google">
    <svg>...</svg>
    Continue with Google
  </button>
</div>

The test was looking for: "Google Sign In button" (original locator: #google-signin)
Generate a robust locator for this element.

Gemini returns: By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[data-provider='google']"

Patching¶

After healing, the script is updated in-place:

# Before healing
sign_in_btn = driver.find_element(By.ID, "google-signin")

# After healing (Level 3: data-testid)
sign_in_btn = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "[data-testid='google-signin-btn']")
# HEALED: original locator By.ID('google-signin') → By.CSS('[data-testid=...]')

The healed locator is embedded in ChromaDB so the next pipeline run starts with the working locator — no repeated healing needed.